گبر گوید هست عالم نیست رب ** یا ربی گوید که نبود مستحب
The infidel says, ‘The world exists, (but) there is no Lord’: he says that (the invocation) ‘O my Lord!’ is not to be approved.
این همی گوید جهان خود نیست هیچ ** هسته سوفسطایی اندر پیچ پیچ
This one (the Necessitarian) says, ‘The world is really naught’: the Sophist (Sceptic) is in a tangle (of error).
جمله‌ی عالم مقر در اختیار ** امر و نهی این میار و آن بیار
The whole world acknowledges (the reality of) the power of choice: (the proof is) their commanding and forbidding (each other)—‘Bring this and do not bring that!’
او همی گوید که امر و نهی لاست ** اختیاری نیست این جمله خطاست
He (the Necessitarian) says that commanding and forbidding are naught and that there is no power of choice. All this (doctrine) is erroneous.
حس را حیوان مقرست ای رفیق ** لیک ادراک دلیل آمد دقیق 3020
Animals (too) acknowledge (the reality of) the (inward) sense, O comrade, but it is a subtle (difficult) matter to apprehend the proof (of this).
زانک محسوسست ما را اختیار ** خوب می‌آید برو تکلیف کار
Inasmuch as (the reality of) our power of choice is perceived by the (inward) sense, responsibility for actions may well be laid upon it.
درک وجدانی چون اختیار و اضطرار و خشم و اصطبار و سیری و ناهار به جای حس است کی زرد از سرخ بداند و فرق کند و خرد از بزرگ و طلخ از شیرین و مشک از سرگین و درشت از نرم به حس مس و گرم از سرد و سوزان از شیر گرم و تر از خشک و مس دیوار از مس درخت پس منکر وجدانی منکر حس باشد و زیاده که وجدانی از حس ظاهرترست زیرا حس را توان بستن و منع کردن از احساس و بستن راه و مدخل وجدانیات را ممکن نیست و العاقل تکفیه الاشارة
The inward consciousness of having the power to choose or of acting under compulsion, of anger or self-restraint, of repletion or hunger, corresponds to the senses that know and distinguish yellow from red and small from great and bitter from sweet and musk from dung and hard from soft—by the sense of touch—and hot from cold and burning (hot) from lukewarm and wet from dry and contact with a wall from contact with a tree. Therefore he who denies inward consciousness denies the senses, and (he does) more (than that), (for) inward consciousness is more evident than the senses, inasmuch as one can bind the senses and prevent them from functioning, while it is impossible to bar the way to the experiences of inward consciousness and stop their entrance. And an indication is enough for the wise.
درک وجدانی به جای حس بود ** هر دو در یک جدول ای عم می‌رود
Inward consciousness corresponds to (external) sensation: both run in the same channel, O uncle.
نغز می‌آید برو کن یا مکن ** امر و نهی و ماجراها و سخن
‘Do’ or ‘don't,’ command and prohibition, discussions and talk are suitable to it (the inward consciousness).
این که فردا این کنم یا آن کنم ** این دلیل اختیارست ای صنم
(The thought), ‘To-morrow I will do this or I will do that,’ is a proof of the power to choose, O worshipful one;
وان پشیمانی که خوردی زان بدی ** ز اختیار خویش گشتی مهتدی 3025
And (in the case of) the penitence which you have felt for (having committed) an evil deed, you have been led (into the right path) through your power of choice.
جمله قران امر و نهیست و وعید ** امر کردن سنگ مرمر را کی دید
The entire Qur’án consists of commands and prohibitions and threats (of punishment): who (ever) saw commands given to a marble rock?
هیچ دانا هیچ عاقل این کند ** با کلوخ و سنگ خشم و کین کند
Does any wise man, does any reasonable man, do this? Does he show anger and enmity to brickbats and stones?—
که بگفتم کین چنین کن یا چنان ** چون نکردید ای موات و عاجزان
Saying, ‘I told you to do thus or thus: why have ye not done it, O dead and helpless ones?’
عقل کی حکمی کند بر چوب و سنگ ** عقل کی چنگی زند بر نقش چنگ
How should reason exercise any authority over wood and stone? How should reason lay hold of the painted figure of a cripple,
کای غلام بسته دست اشکسته‌پا ** نیزه برگیر و بیا سوی وغا 3030
Saying, ‘O slave with palsied hands and broken legs, take up the lance and come to battle’?
خالقی که اختر و گردون کند ** امر و نهی جاهلانه چون کند
How, (then), should the Creator who is the Maker of stars and sky make commands and prohibitions like those of an ignorant person?
احتمال عجز از حق راندی ** جاهل و گیج و سفیهش خواندی
You have removed from God the possibility of impotence, (but) you have (virtually) called Him ignorant and stupid and foolish.
عجز نبود از قدر ور گر بود ** جاهلی از عاجزی بدتر بود
(Divine) impotence does not follow from the doctrine of Free-will; and even if it do, ignorance is worse than impotence.
ترک می‌گوید قنق را از کرم ** بی‌سگ و بی‌دلق آ سوی درم
The Turcoman says graciously to the stranger-guest, ‘Come to my door without a dog and without a tattered cloak,
وز فلان سوی اندر آ هین با ادب ** تا سگم بندد ز تو دندان و لب 3035
And hark, come in respectfully from such and such a quarter, in order that my dog may keep his teeth and mouth closed (and refrain) from (biting) thee.’
تو به عکس آن کنی بر در روی ** لاجرم از زخم سگ خسته شوی
(But) you do the reverse of that and advance to the door: necessarily you are wounded by the violence of the dog.
آن‌چنان رو که غلامان رفته‌اند ** تا سگش گردد حلیم و مهرمند
(You must) advance in the same manner in which slaves have advanced, so that his dog may become gentle and affectionate.
تو سگی با خود بری یا روبهی ** سگ بشورد از بن هر خرگهی
(If) you take a dog or a fox with you, a dog will rage (at you) from the bottom of every tent.
غیر حق را گر نباشد اختیار ** خشم چون می‌آیدت بر جرم‌دار
If none but God have the power of choice, why do you become angry with one who has committed an offence (against you)?
چون همی‌خایی تو دندان بر عدو ** چون همی بینی گناه و جرم ازو 3040
Why do you gnash your teeth at a foe? Why do you regard the sin and offence as (proceeding) from him?